Angol nyelvtan 18: who, which vagy that – és mikor hagyhatod el?

Who, which vagy that? Vonatkozói mellékmondatok a magyarban… khm, khm… angolt tanulunk, nem? Szóval, hagyjuk a magyar nyelvtant, úgy sem sokat segít, illetve nincs szükségünk rá ahhoz, hogy megértsünk dolgokat az angolban.

Ebben a videóban példákon keresztül mutatom meg neked, hogyan és mikor hagyhatod el a which, that, who kötőszavakat anélkül, hogy értelmetlenné tennéd a mondatodat. Azt is megmutatom, mikor nem hagyhatod el ezeket a szavakat  (ertelmetlenné téve ezzel mondataidat).

Felmerülhet egy jogos kérdés: ha egyszer a mondat rendben van úgy, hogy használjuk a kötőszavakat, akkor miért kellene kivennem onnan? Nos, a válasz egyszerű: az angolok legtöbbször elhagyják, szóval tanuljunk meg úgy beszélni, ahogy a kintiek csinálják, nem?

A videót itt találod és alatta a leiratot – who, which vagy that?

Leirathoz kattints ide! - Which vagy that?

Grammar

Omitting who, which, that

Hiya. In this video we’re going to check the usage of ‘which’, ‘that’ and ‘who’.

First off, they are all connecting words or linking words that help you to add more information. Check out the following sentences:

I’ve read the book. You gave me the book.

If you want to connect these sentences, here is how you can do it:

I’ve read the book which you game me.

Or, you can say:

I’ve read the book that you gave me.

‘Which’ and ‘that’ helps you to add some more information about ‘the book’: Which book? The book that you gave me.

What if you talk about a person? Here is how it goes:

I met your sister the other day. You told me about her.

Now you can connect these sentences this way:

I met your sister who you told me about the other day.

Great. Now here is the interesting part: in sentences like the ones above, you can omit (or leave out) the connecting word. Check out these examples:

I’ve read the book you gave me.
I met your sister you told me about the other day.
I will visit the new gallery we read about in the paper.
They won’t come to the party we’re arranging.
My son has dropped the guitar you lent us.
I saw the pop star the paper talked about.
My friend you saw in the bank is now in hospital.

However, there are situations when you cannot omit these linking words:

This is the hotel which was built last year.

It would sound stupid to say: ‘This is the hotel was built last year, right?’ You need the linking word to introduce the new idea:

This is the hotel which was built last year.

We can’t travel to the island that was bought by a millionaire.

Again, it doesn’t sound right to say: ‘We can’t travel to the island was bought by a millionaire.’ You need that linking word badly:

We cannot travel to the island that was bought by a millionaire.

You get it, I think, so here are some more examples:

I saw the pop star who arrived the day before yesterday.
The guitar that fell off the wall is now in the bin.
Give me the sheet of paper that just came out of the printer.
I saw the film that is being promoted all over the city.

In these sentences you need the linking words. To have a better understanding, all you have to do is listen and watch this video over and over again.

Now go practise. See you soon.

Komplett videós tananyag-csomagjainkat itt találod!